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Emploi et économie

Commerce international plateformes

Voici ce que les partis de Élection canadienne de 2021 promettent.

Libéral

  • Un gouvernement libéral continuerait de négocier afin de conclure des ententes commerciales avec les pays du Pacifique.
  • Un gouvernement libéral créerait un groupe de travail sur la politique numérique afin d’aider le gouvernement fédéral à développer des industries numériques au Canada et à élaborer des politiques pour encadrer les nouvelles technologies, comprenant des règles sur les données et la confidentialité, la fiscalité et la propagation de violence et de haine en ligne.

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Establish a new federal hub to help Canadian businesses and entrepreneurs take full advantage of the opportunities created by CUSMA, CETA, CPTPP, and other trade agreements.

Launch a new comprehensive Asia-Pacific strategy to deepen diplomatic, economic, and defence partnerships in the region, including by negotiating new bilateral trade agreements, expanding FIPAs, and building stronger economic linkages.

Reinforce economic cooperation in our hemisphere, including by continuing trade negotiations with the Pacific Alliance and pursuing bilateral trade agreements with key partners.

Develop a strategy for economic cooperation across Africa, including support for the African Continental Free Trade Agreement, facilitation of increased infrastructure investment, and expanding partnerships in research and innovation.

Establish a digital policy task force, comprised of industry experts, academia, and government, to integrate efforts across government and provide additional resources in order to position Canada as a leader in the digital economy and shape global governance of emerging technologies, including with respect to data and privacy rights, taxation, online violent extremism, the ethical use of new technologies, and the future of work. This will build on our work to implement Canada’s first Digital Charter and reform our laws to protect the personal information of individuals.

Introduce legislation to eradicate forced labour from Canadian supply chains and ensure Canadian businesses that operate abroad are not contributing to human rights abuses.

Enhance and expand Canada’s Responsible Business Conduct strategy and ensure Canadian companies and crown corporations are upholding the highest environmental and social standards of corporate governance.

Forward. For Everyone., retrieved 2021-09-02

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Conservateur

S’il était élu, un gouvernement conservateur élargirait le Partenariat transpacifique, une entente commerciale avec 11 pays de l’Asie-Pacifique. Il travaillerait également à approfondir les liens financiers et commerciaux avec l’Inde, et discuterait avec l’Australie, la Nouvelle-Zélande et le Royaume-Uni au sujet de la création d’une entente commerciale entre ces trois pays et le Canada.

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• Only pursue free trade agreements with free countries that respect workers’ rights and maintain high environmental standards.

Canada's Recovery Plan, retrieved 2021-08-18

• Reform Canada’s procurement rules to create a vital national interest category that must be sourced in Canada;

• Create a strategy to repatriate and diversify supply chains to move them away from China.

• Protect Canadian intellectual property with a strengthened Investment Canada Act that includes:

° A presumption against allowing the takeover of Canadian companies by China’s designated state-owned entities;

° A reformed “net benefits” test to better account for the potential effects of a transaction on the broader innovation ecosystem with a particular focus on protecting intellectual property and human capital;

° Automatic review of transactions involving sensitive sectors such as defence, artificial intelligence, and rare earth minerals; and

° A mandatory national security review.

• Withdraw from the Asian Infrastructure and Investment Bank.

Canada's Recovery Plan, retrieved 2021-08-18

• Pursue a Canada-Australia-New Zealand-United Kingdom (“CANZUK”) agreement that could include:

° Free trade and flow of capital investment between the partners;

° Reciprocal freedom to study, live and work for citizens under expanded areas of labour coordination as agreed upon by all parties;

° Enhanced defence and security partnerships, including defence production agreements to allow for shared procurement; and

° Expanded intelligence cooperation, especially in the areas of cyber-warfare, combatting disinformation, and protecting critical infrastructure.

• Build deeper ties with India as part of an Indo-Pacific strategy, including:

° Continuing to pursue free trade with India while concurrently pursuing an investment treaty to expand upon Canadian strengths as one of the world’s largest investors in India.

• Leverage Canadian leadership in fintech by working to remove barriers for Canadian firms, provide Canadian regulatory expertise and best practices, support cooperation against illicit finance, and promote financial inclusion in developing regions.

• Seek to enlarge the CPTPP deal and pursue setting rules for digital trade through the CPTPP.

• Advocate for the speedy conclusion of the Trade in Services Agreement (TISA).

• Pursue a partnership with Africa’s Continental Free Trade in infrastructure, energy, and technology.

Canada's Recovery Plan, retrieved 2021-08-18

• Launch a historic trade promotion effort connecting all aspects of Canadian industries with international opportunities.

• Animate the full potential of the Canada-UK trade deal, encouraging complementary strengths for international joint ventures, employing more Canadians, advancing Canadian products and services, and pursuing robust economic growth.

• Establish a trade accelerator connecting all sectors of the Canadian economy with EU commercial opportunities, measuring progress in job creation and long-term economic projects.

• Assist Canada’s nuclear industry with pursuing sales of Canadian nuclear technology to help other countries reduce their GHG emissions.

• Engage countries in the Middle East, including by pursuing opportunities created by a warm Emirati-Israeli peace.

Canada's Recovery Plan, retrieved 2021-08-18

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Nous n’avons par de BQ politiques sur Commerce international.

NPD

  • Increase transparency for trade negotiations.
  • Directly engage with Canadians on the expected costs & benefits of potential trade deals.
  • Ensure all trade agreements are consistent with UNDRIP.
  • Evaluate all potential trade deals for social, environmental, and gendered impact.
  • Modernise the trade remedy system.
  • Make sure trade unions have full standing in trade cases and can start trade disputes.

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New Democrats support fair trade that broadens opportunity in all areas of the country, while protecting our industries and upholding labour standards, environmental protections and human rights around the world. That’s why we’ll always defend Canadian workers in trade negotiations, protect supply management, stand up against unfair tariffs.

We’re committed to improving the transparency of trade negotiations, so that Canadians can clearly understand the costs and benefits of any proposed agreement and have their say before it’s signed. Already, New Democrats have won changes that require the government to notify Canadians before trade negotiations begin, make them put forward clear negotiating objectives in advance, and do a full economic impact assessment of every deal.

A New Democrat government will directly engage with Canadians on the expected costs and benefits of potential trade deals, as well as ensure that all trade agreements are consistent with the United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples. We will evaluate all potential trade deals for their social, environmental and gendered impact on Canadians.

When it comes to what’s on the negotiating table, Canadians know that there are some things that we shouldn’t be willing to compromise on, like investor-state dispute settlement measures that hand too much power to corporations and undermine the rules that keep us safe and healthy.

Trade agreements should have enforceable labour, human rights and environmental protections – and New Democrats will always protect Canadians against measures that could increase the cost of pharmaceuticals, weaken our cultural protections, or undermine privacy rights. We will also protect Canadian businesses who are taking action to transition to a low-carbon future with a border carbon adjustment that will level the playing field on imports from areas without a carbon price.

A New Democrat government will also do more to defend Canadian workers and communities from unfair trading practices. We will modernize Canada’s trade remedy system and make sure that trade unions have full standing in trade cases and the ability to initiate trade disputes, as is the case in other countries.

Ready for Better, retrieved 2021-08-27

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Nous n’avons par de Vert politiques sur Commerce international.

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